Apples Then and Now: Why We Buy Ours Locally

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At the NC Apple Festival in Hendersonville, we walked past baskets and bags filled with apples from orchards all around our area. Some were shiny red, others bright green, and still others were striped with both colors. Seeing all these apples made me think about modern apple farming and how different it is from growing apples long ago. Modern apple farming also takes land, time, and specialized care.

Bags of WNC Apples

Those two things helped us make a decision at The Tart Farm. Instead of planting apple trees, we have chosen berries such as mulberries and elderberries that fit our farm better.

Growing Apples Long Ago

Jonagold Apples

Apple growing looked very different during colonial times and into the years when John Chapman, better known as Johnny Appleseed, was planting trees. First, many early farm orchards were grown from seeds rather than carefully selected grafted trees. Johnny Appleseed himself planted apple seeds and raised seedling trees in nurseries. Second, colonial farm orchards often had tall, loosely spaced trees that were not pruned into the smaller, carefully managed shapes we often see today.

Third, Colonial apples did not always look like the smooth, matching apples we see in stores today. Many were grown from seeds, so they came in different sizes, shapes, colors, and flavors. Many apples were grown for cider instead of fresh eating.

Growing Apples Today

Modern apple growers make many more decisions before an apple reaches a basket at the market. First, most apple trees are now grafted. Growers join a chosen apple variety to a specially selected rootstock instead of depending on a seed to produce the same kind of apple. Second, farmers can choose rootstocks that keep trees smaller, help them produce fruit sooner, and make pruning and harvesting easier. Some commercial orchards plant these smaller trees much closer together than old seedling orchards. Third, growers carefully watch for insects and diseases and use modern orchard-management methods to protect the crop throughout the growing season.

Those differences were easy to see at the festival. One booth might have pale green apples piled into wooden baskets, while the next had deep-red fruit glowing in the sun. The crowd was already busy even though we arrived early. We could hear people talking with growers and smell warm apple fritters and hand pies nearby. Of course, we did a little tasting too. A crisp apple “log” filled with warm apples came with smooth caramel for dipping. An apple pie slushy was icy cold, refreshing, and full of fall spices.

Choosing What Fits Our Farm

Comparing apple growing in the past with modern apple farming also helped me think about our own choices. We have enough land to grow many things, but that does not mean every crop is a good fit. An orchard would need space, long-term care, pruning, and regular attention to pests and disease.
Meanwhile, Western North Carolina already has farmers who know how to grow excellent apples.

So at The Tart Farm, we have chosen to plant several kinds of berries instead. Then, when apple season arrives, we can gratefully purchase apples from local growers and bring them home to eat and preserve.
Sometimes good farming is about deciding what to grow.
And sometimes the best choice is deciding not to grow something at all.

Think About What You Read

For young readers, families, and classrooms:
Name three ways modern apple farming is different from apple farming during Johnny Appleseed’s time.

Sources:

NC State Extension. North Carolina Production Guide for Smaller Orchard Plantings. NC State University. (NC State Extension)
North Carolina Production Guide for Smaller Orchard Plantings

Source: National Park Service. Historic Context: Orchards, 1600 to 1800. U.S. Department of the Interior.
Historic Context: Orchards, 1600 to 1800

September on a Small Farm: What’s Ending, What We’re Saving, and What’s Next

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September feels a little different on the farm.
There is still plenty to do, but the frantic push of summer is beginning to ease. The garden is winding down, beans are maturing, food is still being preserved, and we are starting to think about breeding the does for spring kidding. We also need to finish the new chicken coop and move the flock before cold weather settles in. Those are the obvious September farm chores. But this time of year also gives me something summer rarely does: enough room to look back and ask what actually worked.
And, maybe more importantly, what didn’t.
Sometimes success still needs improving

Sourdough is a good example.
I started my own starter in March 2025, and I have kept it going ever since. Over time, I have gotten to where I make most of our baked goods when time allows. I love the flavor, I enjoy the process, and now I am even using our own goat milk and chèvre in the kitchen.

Slices of sourdough cinnamon swirl topped with chèvre on a plate

The cinnamon swirl sourdough in the photo, topped with our chèvre, feels like a pretty good representation of how far that has come.

But successful does not necessarily mean efficient.

Making one loaf here and another batch there takes time, and sometimes we still run out before I can bake again. So I have been experimenting with making several loaves at once and freezing the extras. It has worked so well that I am changing my routine. One baking day might be several cinnamon swirl loaves. The next time, I can concentrate on something completely different.

Same homemade food. Less scrambling.
That is the kind of lesson I want to carry into the rest of the farm.

The garden gives its own report card

Tomatoes are another good example. We had tomatoes for salads, sandwiches, and dinners, and we absolutely enjoyed them. Those varieties earned their place in next year’s garden.

Roma tomatoes were another story.
I wanted enough for sauce, but the plants struggled and never produced anywhere near what I would need for canning. So one question for next year is whether it makes sense to devote precious garden space and effort to sauce tomatoes, or simply buy North Carolina-grown Romas when they are in season and concentrate on growing the tomatoes we enjoy fresh.

That is not really a loss. It is useful information.
The same assessment will happen with beans, other vegetables, preservation methods, animal routines, and probably quite a few things I have not thought of yet.

Following the farm’s calendar

That may be my favorite part of early fall.
The physical work begins to slow just enough that we can enjoy some of what all that labor produced. At the same time, we can look at the season with clearer eyes and start building a better plan for the next one.
There is something almost stubbornly old-fashioned about that.

We live in a world that makes instant results feel normal. Farming does not cooperate. You make decisions now for food months from now. You breed a doe this fall hoping for healthy kids and milk next spring. You save seeds from this garden for one that does not exist yet.

Even our September farm chores sit somewhere between the season that is ending and the one we are preparing for. So right now, I am finishing, preserving, adjusting, and taking notes.

Because sometimes slowing down enough to notice what the season taught you is part of the work too.

Categories: Farm Life

What Did Our Dollar Chicks Really Cost? Farm Math with Meat Chickens

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Answer to Meat Chicken Math

When our 15 meat chickens first arrived at The Tart Farm, they cost just $1 each. Eight weeks later, those tiny chicks had become whole roasting chickens weighing between 5 and 6½ pounds each.
So, did each chicken really cost us only one dollar?
Not even close! Let’s do some meat chicken math!

The one-dollar price paid for the chick. However, raising an animal also requires food, bedding, equipment, time, and work. That makes the cost of raising meat chickens a great real-life math problem. We rounded some of our numbers to make the calculations easier. Therefore, our answers are close estimates rather than exact accounting figures.

Start with the Chicks

We raised 15 chicks, and each chick cost $1.
15 × $1 = ?
How much did we spend on chicks?
Write down your answer before moving on.

Now Add the Feed

Growing chickens eat a lot.
During their eight weeks at the farm, our flock ate about four bags of organic grower feed. Each bag actually cost $24.50, but we will round that to $25 for our math problem.
4 × $25 = ?
How much did we spend on feed?
Now add that amount to the cost of the chicks.

Don’t Forget the Bedding

We also used about $15 worth of wood shavings during the eight weeks. The shavings helped keep the chickens’ living area clean and dry.
Add another $15 to your total.
So far, you have included:

  • 15 chicks at $1 each
  • 4 bags of feed at about $25 each
  • $15 in bedding

What is your total?

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Small Farm Livestock Care: When the Vet Bill Costs More Than the Goat

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Two Sundays ago, I noticed that our wether Rudy had a cloudy, filmed-over eye. Because I look everyone over daily, I knew it was new. I checked his eye for an injury, debris, or anything else obvious, but I couldn’t find a cause. Since our veterinarian wasn’t available, I quarantined Rudy from the other goats. Then I rinsed his eye with saline and used pink eye spray while we waited for a vet to open.

Vet Visit


I felt fairly certain we were dealing with pink eye. However, eye problems aren’t something I like to gamble with.

When Livestock Veterinary Care Is Hard to Find

Our regular farm vet is more than an hour away and couldn’t see Rudy until late in the week. Unfortunately, veterinarians who treat goats are scarce in our area. The closer options often charge prices more typical of companion-animal practices.
In fact, USDA currently lists Buncombe and Haywood Counties as a veterinary shortage area for rural food-animal medicine, specifically including small ruminants.

Waiting several more days worried me. Pink eye and other eye problems can worsen, and an untreated eye injury or infection can lead to ulcers or permanent damage.

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Categories: Dairy Goats Farm Life

Making Our Homestead Sustainable, One Chore at a Time

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There are mornings when the four-wheeler looks less like farm equipment and more like the supply cart for a very demanding zoo exhibit.

water loaded on four wheeler
Grain, hay, and treats for livestock

The front rack carries jugs of water. Meanwhile, the back basket might hold hay, buckets, the milk cooler, feed, and freshly chopped zucchini for the goats and chickens. Somehow, everyone at The Tart Farm has a breakfast order.
However, the four-wheeler represents more than convenience. It has become an important part of making our homestead sustainable as we get older.

When the Wheelbarrow Did All the Work

Two years ago, I didn’t have a four-wheeler. Everything that needed to reach the goat barn and chicken coop went down our steeply sloped driveway in a wheelbarrow. That included feed, hay, water, tools, and anything else needed for morning or evening chores. Going downhill with a loaded wheelbarrow requires plenty of control. Of course, whatever goes down also means another trip back up. At the time, I simply did it because that was how the chores got done.
Still, homesteading has a wonderful way of teaching you where you need better systems.

Working Smarter Around the Farm

Eventually, the four-wheeler changed the entire routine. Instead of balancing multiple loads in a wheelbarrow, I can load everything at once and drive it down. Now we are taking another step forward.

When my sister and brother-in-law visited recently, my brother-in-law installed gutters on the goat barn. They will help direct rainwater away from the barn and improve drainage around an area that can become very wet. My sister has since bought me a rain barrel, and Rick is getting ready to finish the system by connecting it to those gutters.

The barrel will do double duty. In addition to helping manage rainwater, it will give me a water source right beside the goat barn. We also plan to add a heater so the water won’t freeze during the winter. That means fewer jugs of water loaded onto the four-wheeler and fewer trips from the house, even when the temperature drops.

Building a Farm We Can Keep Enjoying

We are getting closer to our sixties, and I think about that when we plan projects now. The goal isn’t to eliminate physical work. Farm life will always involve lifting, carrying, walking, cleaning, fixing, and occasionally chasing something that has absolutely no intention of being caught. Instead, making our homestead sustainable means looking at repetitive jobs and asking, “How can we make this easier on our bodies five or ten years from now?”

A four-wheeler helped.
The gutters and rain barrel will help.
And I suspect our farm will keep evolving one practical little improvement at a time.

Preferably before the goats add anything else to their breakfast order.

Categories: Farm Life